听觉样式表
听觉样式表可把语音合成与音响效果相组合，使得用户可以听到信息，而不用进行阅读。
听觉呈现可用于：
- 视觉能力低弱的人士
- 帮助用户学习阅读
- 帮助有阅读障碍的用户
- 家庭娱乐
- 在汽车中使用
听觉呈现通常会把文档转化为纯文本，然后传给屏幕阅读器（可读出屏幕上所有字符的一种程序）。
听觉样式表的一个例子：
h1, h2, h3, h4
{
voice-family: male;
richness: 80;
cue-before: url("beep.au")
}
上面的例子可以让语音合成器演奏一段声音，然后用男性的声音读出标题。
CSS2 听觉参考
W3C: The number in the "W3C" column indicates in which CSS recommendation the property is defined (CSS1 or CSS2).
| 属性 |
描述 |
值 |
W3C |
| azimuth |
Sets where the sound/voices should come from (horizontally) |
- angle
- left-side
- far-left
- left
- center-left
- center
- center-right
- right
- far-right
- right-side
- behind
- leftwards
- rightwards
|
2 |
| cue |
A shorthand property for setting the cue-before and cue-after properties in one declaration |
|
2 |
| cue-after |
Specifies a sound to be played after speaking an element's content to delimit it from other |
|
2 |
| cue-before |
Specifies a sound to be played before speaking an element's content to delimit it from other |
|
2 |
| elevation |
Sets where the sound/voices should come from (vertically) |
- angle
- below
- level
- above
- higher
- lower
|
2 |
| pause |
A shorthand property for setting the pause-before and pause-after properties in one declaration |
|
2 |
| pause-after |
Specifies a pause after speaking an element's content |
|
2 |
| pause-before |
Specifies a pause before speaking an element's content |
|
2 |
| pitch |
Specifies the speaking voice |
- frequency
- x-low
- low
- medium
- high
- x-high
|
2 |
| pitch-range |
Specifies the variation in the speaking voice. (Monotone voice or animated voice?) |
|
2 |
| play-during |
Specifies a sound to be played while speaking an element's content |
|
2 |
| richness |
Specifies the richness in the speaking voice. (Rich voice or thin voice?) |
|
2 |
| speak |
Specifies whether content will render aurally |
|
2 |
| speak-header |
Specifies how to handle table headers. Should the headers be spoken before every cell, or only before a cell with a different header than the previous cell |
|
2 |
| speak-numeral |
Specifies how to speak numbers |
|
2 |
| speak-punctuation |
Specifies how to speak punctuation characters |
|
2 |
| speech-rate |
Specifies the speed of the speaking |
- number
- x-slow
- slow
- medium
- fast
- x-fast
- faster
- slower
|
2 |
| stress |
Specifies the "stress" in the speaking voice |
|
2 |
| voice-family |
A prioritized list of voice family names that contain specific voices |
- specific-voice
- generic-voice
|
2 |
| volume |
Specifies the volume of the speaking |
- number
- %
- silent
- x-soft
- soft
- medium
- loud
- x-loud
|
2 |
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